The enormous AN/FSQ-7 computer built by IBM was the heart of the SAGE system.

The enormous AN/FSQ-7 computer built by IBM was the heart of the SAGE system.

SAGE operator using a light-sensing gun or light pen.

SAGE operator using a light-sensing gun or light pen.

SAGE command center

SAGE command center.

Detail map of Fort Carson, Colorado, United States Overview map of Fort Carson, Colorado, United States

A: Fort Carson, Colorado, United States

The SAGE Air Defense System Built by IBM Includes the First Light Gun

1954 to 1963
Light gun invented by Robert Everett. MIT Museum.
Light gun invented by Robert Everett. MIT Museum.

In 1954 development began for NORAD of the SAGE Air Defense System, using a computer built by IBM after a design based on the Whirlwind. The interactive graphic display system included the first light pen or light gun, invented by Robert Everett.

The full SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) automated control system for tracking and intercepting enemy bomber aircraft was completed by 1963.

Timeline Themes

Related Entries