David Deutsch Provides the First Description of a Universal Quantum Computer or Quantum Turing Machine

In 1995 David Deutsch, a British physicist at Oxford University, described the first universal quantum computer or quantum Turing machine, and specified an algorithm designed to run on a quantum computer. 

Deutsch,"Quantum theory, the Church-Turing principle and the universal quantum computer," Proceedings of the Royal Society A 400 (1818): pp. 97–117. Bibcode:1985RSPSA.400...97D. doi:10.1098/rspa.1985.0070.