Jeremy Norman’sHistoryofInformation.com Exploring the History of Information and Media through Timelines
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A: Manhattan, New York, New York, United States, B: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Certificate dated 1864 by John Sartain (1808-1897). This combines several techniques: etching, mezzotint, engraving, and stipple on cream wove paper. The iron handpress is of the American Columbia design widely used at the time.
The first organization of typographers formed in the United States was The Typographical Society founded in New York City in 1795. This survived only until 1797. It was replaced in 1799 by the Franklin Typographical Society of Journeyman Printers of New York founded by David Bruce. This ceased to exist in 1804. However, the Philadelphia Typographical Society, organized in 1802, lasted well into the 20th century.
Tracy, George A. History of the Typographical union, its beginnings, progress and development, its beneficial and educational features together with a chapter on the early organization of printers (1913) 20.