During the Middle Ages Book Production is Concentrated in Monasteries

From the early seventh century, until the beginning of the founding of universities roughly in the year 1200, monastic scriptoria and other ecclesiastic establishments remained essentially the only customers for books in western culture, and they also had a virtual monopoly on manuscript book production and education. Most codices were written on vellum or parchment, but as late as the eighth century some codices were written on papyrus.