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A: Muş, Turkey

At the Battle of Manzikert the Seljuk Turks Defeat the Byzantine Empire

8/26/1071
 Map of the Seljuq Empire at its greatest extent in 1092, upon the death of Malik Shah I
Seljuq Empire at its greatest extent in 1092, upon the death of Malik Shah I

The defeat of the Byzantine Empire in the battle with Seljuk Turkish forces at Manzikert on August 26, 1071, and the capture of Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes, demonstrated to European Christians that Byzantine forces were not capable of protecting Eastern Christianity. This eventually led to the Crusades.

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