In 1858 American inventor Joseph Jordan received
U.S. patent 20,277 for the
conical refiner or Jordan refiner. This is a conical chamber with metal bars mounted around its inside. The material to be refined is pumped into the chamber at high-pressure rate in order to create an abrasive effect as the material is forced through the machine, abraided by the metal bars. At the opposite end of the chamber the resulting pulp is pumped out.
This was the first advance in the production of paper pulp since the
Hollander beater which had been developed by unknown papermakers about 1680.
Jeremy Norman’s
